iChemingeniare

  DISTILLATION: NONREACTIVE SYSTEM USING EXCEL This problem is intended to be an example of how Excel can be used in case of involving two units of distillation. This problem is intended to find the percentage recovery of Oxygen in the end oxygen-rich product. Percentage recovery is used when the purification of a compound is utilized. It is the ratio between the pure compound and the initial compound. Here it is given that the air is admitted with the composition as shown in fig and admitted at 100 mol/s rates. It is required to find the oxygen recovery percentage in-stream O. The following steps will be employed to calculate: 1.     Calculate the Degrees of Freedom to check whether the given information is enough to solve the problem and can the problem be solved. If DOF is equal to 0 then the problem can be proceeded to solve. 2.    Frame DOF for unit 1, 2 and overall indicated by the red lines. 3.    Frame the component and overall...

Excel for Chemical Engineering Material balance for a non-reactive system: Material balance is based on the law of conservation of mass that states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed but can undergo phase and chemical changes. In precise,  Material Input + Material Generated = Material Output + material Accumulated in the system + Material consumed. Mass balance for a non-reactive system can be generally expressed as Input = Output + Accumulation where generation and consumption are zero. The above equation becomes Input = Output for steady-state processes where the accumulation tends to zero. Identifying the tie element, the component that enters and leaves the system without any change can be useful to solve the equations surrounding the system. Mass balance is generally carried out in 2 levels: Overall balance and Component balance. Overall balance is the material balance for the entire system under study while the component balance is carried out for an individual c...

  MODES OF HEAT TRANSFER Heat transfer occurs in different ways: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation. In real-time engineering problems, it can occur through 2 or 3 modes combined. 1. Conduction is the method through which heat is transferred in solids. It occurs due to the vibrational energy transfer between the molecules of the solid. Though conduction is majorly confined to solids, it also extends to some liquids and gases. Fourier's Law governs conduction.      Q = kA(-dT/dX) Which states that the rate of heat transferred (Q) is directly proportional to the heat transfer area (A) and the temperature (T) distribution across the length (X) of the solid, otherwise termed as the temperature gradient (dT/dX). The negative sign indicates the flow of heat from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. The proportionality constant (K) is called Thermal Conductivity. Thermal Conductivity indicates the ability of a solid to conduct heat. I...

  BASICS OF HEAT TRANSFER What is Heat transfer? We know through thermodynamics that energy can exist in many forms. One such form of energy is heat. The energy that is transferred between systems as a result of the temperature gradient is called heat. Heat transfer is the science that indicates the rate at which this heat is transferred between the systems. Imagine holding a bottle of water in a refrigerator. There is going to be energy transfer between the bottle and the cold air inside. The energy transfer takes place until the temperatures of the cold air and the water is the same. Therefore, we can conclude that heat transfer occurs until equilibrium is obtained. Heat is transferred from higher temperature to lower temperature. Here comes thermodynamics that can tell us about the amount of heat to be transferred to effect the change in the state according to the law of conservation of energy. But the amount is not everything that we need. Consider a scenario where we pur...